Welcome to your phlebotomy/cardio-phlebotomy class. It may seem overwhelming at first. While there is a lot of material to cover, our instructors will take you step by step along the road to becoming a successful phlebotomy/cardio-phlebotomy technician.
For many of the topics covered on day one week one, there are corresponding videos that students are required to view.
Please click on highlighted topics to open the corresponding PDF files.
Week 1 Day 1
Topics:
Introduction to phlebotomy and cardio-phlebotomy.
Class road map – what to expect during blood draw days/how does phlebotomy differ from cardio-phlebotomy
Rules and regulations of school
Students must sign the security camera policy and oath of confidentiality policy.
Scope of practice in the state of Michigan
HIPAA Compliance Laws
Infection Control (see video)
- clinical I hand washing check off
- clinical II Donning and doffing Personal Protective Equipment
- clinical III Needle gauge recognition
- clinical IV, tying a tourniquet
Therapeutic Communication
Medical Terminology
Where never to draw
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Cardio-Phlebotomy is one of Phlebotomy Career Training Schools newest class.
The Cardio-Phlebotomy Covers the same topics covered in phlebotomy, however the difference is the extra training that the student receives in IV insertion and EKG.
Graduates of this new program have many job opportunities ahead of them. They can work as phlebotomy technicians in hospitals and labs. Graduates are also trained to work side by side with Cardiologists performing electrocardiograms, assisting with heart catheterizations and interpreting rhythm strips. Graduates of this program are able to work in dialysis centers as well as in outpatient phlebotomy labs.
The new Cardio-Phlebotomy Technician Program is now being offered at Phlebotomy Career Training School in Garden City, Michigan. The program consists of six weeks of intensive study covering subjects such as anatomy and physiology, heart rhythm interpretation, advanced phlebotomy procedures, and ten extra hours teaching students and demonstrating the application of 12 lead electrocardiograms, intravenous insertions, P.I.C.C. Line procedures (how to draw blood from the tubing/ line flushing techniques.
Students of Cardio-Phlebotomy will spend one entire day learning IV insertion procedures. Typically, this is a 9-5 course held on Sundays. Students should check the school calender for the next IV Class. Student will also spend about three hours on EKG lead placement and interpreting basic cardiac arrhythmia’s.
Our Cardio-Phlebotomy Students also get 50 in class supervised venipuntures as well as two clinical externships, where they will work one on one with another phlebotomy technician or medical laboratory supervisor. Students will perform 100 veinpunctures at each lab.
Curriculum
- Precautions. Includes vacuum collection devices, syringes, capillary skin punctures, butterfly needles.
- Specimen collection on adults, children, and infants. Emphasis on infection prevention, proper patient identification.
- Labeling of specimens and quality assurance, specimen handling, processing and accessioning.
- Laboratory for experiences in basic phlebotomy procedures. Conducted onsite at hospital and at various medical offices in the surrounding Metro Detroit Area.
- Infection control principles.
- HIPPA /OSHA laws
- Hazardous materials/exposure/disposal procedures/protection/donning, doffing of personal protective equipment
- Pain assessment
- Therapeutic communication, patient care
- 10. Lab test assessment
- 11. Clinical Hand washing/medical asepsis technique
- 12. Sterile fields
- 13. IV insertion practice
- Liability and tort law
- Anatomy and physiology of the arm
- Epidermal layers of the skin
- Never to draw sites
- Elderly skin changes and immunity
- Immunization and Viral pathogens
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PHLEBOTOMY
Our traditional phlebotomy program at PCT has been in constant demand. Our phlebotomy students earn 25 venipunctures and are able to go to their externship after graduation. At their externship, they will perform 100 draws. Many of our phlebotomy students are employed by the Oakwood Health System as well as throughout the metro Detroit area hospitals.
Break down of Curriculum;
- Precautions. Includes vacuum collection devices, syringes, capillary skin punctures, butterfly needles.
- Specimen collection on adults, children, and infants. Emphasis on infection prevention, proper patient identification.
- Labeling of specimens and quality assurance, specimen handling, processing and accessioning.
- Laboratory for experiences in basic phlebotomy procedures. Conducted onsite at hospital and at various medical offices in the surrounding Metro Detroit Area.
- Infection control principles.
- HIPPA /OSHA laws
- Hazardous materials/exposure/disposal procedures/protection/donning, doffing of personal protective equipment
- Pain assessment
- Therapeutic communication, patient care
.lab test assessment
- . Clinical Hand washing/medical asepsis technique
- Sterile fields
- Diabetes pathophysiology
- Liability and tort law
- Anatomy and physiology of the arm
- Epidermal layers of the skin
- Never to draw sites
- Elderly skin changes and immunity
Immunization and Viral pathogens
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SCORES: Students must have a 75% or higher on all exams including final exam to pass the course.
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MICHIGAN SCOPE OF PRACTICE: MICHIGAN-PHLEBOTOMIST (Please download)
After reading and listening to your instructors lecture, answer the following questions below;
Why do think it is necessary for a phlebotomy technician to have a scope of practice?
What do you think about liability insurance? Is it for you?
Do you think that you should carry your own liability insurance?
What would you do if a fellow co-worker asked you to perform a task that was not in the scope of your practice? How do you think you would handle the situation?
Watch the following videos for week one of Phlebotomy. After the lectures you will be given a quiz. You must complete this prior to your next class session.
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Every phlebotomist should know medical terminology so please go watch this video
Now is the time to learn the veins. The videos below will help you in identifying the veins from which a phlebotomist draws blood, which veins are the best choice and what sites or conditions to avoid. Watching these videos will also help you with the quizzes that you will be taking throughout the course. Remember to ask your instructor any questions when you come to class, or if you are our online student, please call.
CLINICAL CHECK OFF SHEETS
Clinical 1 . HAND WASHING TECHNIQUES Clinical 1 hand-washing
Clinical 2. TOURNIQUET TYING Clinical 2 Tourniquet tying
Clinical 3. DONNING AND DOFFING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Clinical 3 Donning and- Doffing
Needles and Syringes InfoSheet
Clinical 4. IDENTIFICATION OF NEEDLE 
GAUGES AND TYPES Clinical 4 Identification of Needle gauges
Chain of Infection; See related videos under manuals and references;
Review of Today’s Lecture;
1. Today’s class focused on the importance of compassion, caring, and the immediate needs of patient’s in the health care environment. Students should know and understand the three components of learning domains as well as the importance of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
2. A review of needles, their uses and needle gauges were covered. Student’s should know the size of the bevels that they will be using in practice, such as the 21,22, and 23 gauge.
3. Infection principals and the chain of infection was discussed.
Below is a brief quiz from lecture.
1. When a patient needs to have a blood product administered, which gauge of needle would be used? (18 gauge is used for drawing blood, however, only registered nurses and doctors can give blood. The 21, 22, and 23 gauges are used strictly for the phlebotomy technician. )
2. What is MRSA? (Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, also known as the “Flesh Eating Disease”.)
3. Hepatitis B requires how many vaccinations?
• The second dose must be given at least 1 month after the first dose.
• The third dose must be given at least 2 months after the second dose and at least 4 months after the first.
4. A 27 gauge needle would be used for an intramuscular injection or an intradermal injection?
(Actually, a 27 gauge needle could be used for subcutaneous injections for medications such as insulin or heparin, as well as for intradermal uses such as the TB vaccine.)
5. List some blood borne pathogens
(Being a phlebotomy technician puts you in the front line of possibly contracting many blood borne pathogens, which is why it is so important to practice proper infection control and use universal precautions. Some of the blood borne pathogens that may be contracted are; the hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses, HIV, MRSAand C-Diff)
6. Describe the chain of infection.
The chain of infection begins with a carrier, the carrier then passes the pathogen via an exit portal. This may be someone sneezing, coughing, or vomiting, even diarrhea. Once the pathogen exits the carrier it must find a entry portal into the host. This can occur by someone breathing the air molecules and particles from another persons cough or sneeze. It may be rubbing their eyes before washing their hands. Once the pathogen is in the host, the pathogen must incubate and grow in a favorable medium. As the pathogen grows it multiplies and makes the host ill. The infection is then propagated once more. This chain of infection must be halted. The best way to prevent infection is by taking proper precautions, washing hands before and after each patient contact and using the right personal protective equipment. (see the video on PPE, donning and doffing by the CDC)
7. Explain the changes in the skin of the elderly.
Since you have read about the skin changes in the elderly, you should be able to answer this question. Remember, that as we age the collagen and elastin under the skin begin to disintegrate. Our body’s fatty tissue becomes less. Skin therefore wrinkles. Since our skin is a barrier to protect us from hot, cold and other conditions, when we lose that protection our immunity becomes compromised. Also , elderly do not exhibit the signs and symptoms of infection as readily as younger people. Many times when an elderly person has a fever, the infection has gone too far.
8. How do you cap a needle without a safety cap?
First of all, on any test that you take the answer would be, NEVER RE-CAP A NEEDLE. Now, in the real world, when you find that your needle has no safety cover, and the sharps container is filled to the brim, you have only one choice, and that is to re-cap. If you have to re-cap, then do so using the one handed technique. With one hand behind your back hold the needle with the other hand and attempt to recap using the scoop method.
9. What are the four guiding principles of being a health care provider.
The four guiding principles that you will follow daily and throughout your life are to protect the patient’s, rights, privacy, dignity and safety. Your are their protector, enabler and defender. Always.
10. what is a vaccutainer?
Well that all depends on which vaccutainer? The vaccutainer hub? The vaccutainer needle? or the vaccutainer tube?
Next week you will begin practicing on the anatomical arms. Watch the video below to prepare.
